Kabɩyɛ LabLANGUAGE · PEOPLE · KNOWLEDGEKabɩyɛ · Togo
Distinguish a tree, tree seed and a planting action.
Activities are teaching adaptations. Source transcriptions remain pending expert review; each card states its source and status.
Sort the tree, tree-seed and action cards. Read the full source sentence about planting trees. The sowing card names maize or beans in its source; do not silently extend that meaning to every crop.
EN tree; trees
FR arbre ; arbres
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
A tree; the source lists singular and plural forms together.
English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo
PDF p. 92 · printed p. 88
EN seed for trees
FR graine d’arbre
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
A seed used to grow a tree; the source specifies tree seeds.
English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo
PDF p. 92 · printed p. 88
EN to sow maize or beans
FR semer du maïs ou des haricots
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
To place seeds in the soil, exemplified by maize and beans in the source.
English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo
PDF p. 92 · printed p. 88
EN to plant trees
FR planter des arbres
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
To put trees in the ground so that they can grow.
English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.
Legacy PDF font codes have been converted to visually matching Latin Kabɩyɛ letters, preserving printed tones and the original extracted text. This does not modernize the source orthography.
sɔwυ
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo
PDF p. 92 · printed p. 88
EN We have to plant trees
FR Nous devons planter des arbres
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
We have to plant trees. Say that the group needs to plant trees, as in the source’s farming example.
English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo
PDF p. 92 · printed p. 88
EN tractor
FR Tracteur
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
A farm vehicle used to pull equipment or carry out agricultural work.
Transcription de la source, contrôlée visuellement sur le PDF. Validation linguistique par les experts du projet à venir.
English gloss and explanation are editorial translations of the French source label, not a separate expert validation of the Kabɩyɛ form.
Source : Mon livret de vocabulaire français-kabɩyɛ, 2ème édition (juillet 2019)
PDF p. 21 · page imprimée 21
EN The parts of a verb
FR Les éléments d’un verbe
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
The dictionary describes a verbal core made from a root and an aspect marker. Prefixes can express the subject and other information, including negation. Separate these parts when studying a form: the person tells you who acts, while aspect describes how the action is viewed.
Does an infinitive alone tell you “I”, “you” or “they”?
No. The source distinguishes the verbal core from subject prefixes.
Source : Tɔm kpou Kabɩyɛ-Fransɩɩ — Dictionnaire Kabiyè-Français avec esquisse de grammaire (1999)
PDF p. 541 · printed / imprimée 518
EN Subject pronouns: who does the action?
FR Les pronoms sujets : qui fait l’action ?
Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review
Subject pronouns join the verb that follows them. The workbook gives the six forms below, then explains that ma and pa change their vowel with wɛwʋ “to be”. Learn the pronoun together with an attested verb form: a dictionary infinitive is not a complete sentence.
| Person | Aspect / context | Kabɩyɛ | Meaning / note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | má | I | |
| Subject | ŋ | you, singular | |
| Subject | ɛ̀ | he / she | |
| Subject | ɖɩ | we | |
| Subject | ɩ | you, plural | |
| Subject | pá | they |
Forms were compared with the PDF. Legacy font characters are represented with the corresponding Latin Kabɩyɛ letters (ɩ, ɛ, ʋ, ɖ, ŋ), retaining printed tone marks.
Which listed subject pronoun means “we”?
ɖɩ. Its form in a complete verb should be learned from the source example.
Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Oral Proficiency Learning
PDF p. 12 · printed / imprimée 8