Kabɩyɛ LabLANGUAGE · PEOPLE · KNOWLEDGE
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Kabɩyɛ · Togo

Buying, selling and paying

Distinguish a dictionary action word from a complete buying or selling example.

Activities are teaching adaptations. Source transcriptions remain pending expert review; each card states its source and status.

Compare the words “buy” and “sell” with the complete milk-selling and shirt-buying phrases. Identify the goods in each example; new products need their own speaker-checked phrase.

Source reference · awaiting expert review

yábʋ̀

EN to buy

FR acheter

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

To obtain goods in exchange for payment.

Transcription and translation notes

English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.

Legacy PDF font codes have been converted to visually matching Latin Kabɩyɛ letters, preserving printed tones and the original extracted text. This does not modernize the source orthography.

Original extracted text

yábὺ

Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo

PDF p. 35 · printed p. 31

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Source reference · awaiting expert review

pɛ̀dʋ̀ʋ̀

EN to sell

FR vendre

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

To give goods to someone in exchange for payment.

Transcription and translation notes

English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.

Legacy PDF font codes have been converted to visually matching Latin Kabɩyɛ letters, preserving printed tones and the original extracted text. This does not modernize the source orthography.

Original extracted text

pὲdὺὺ

Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo

PDF p. 35 · printed p. 31

Read the original document page ↗

Source reference · awaiting expert review

Mɛmbɛ̀dʋ naalim

EN I sell milk

FR Je vends du lait

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

I sell milk. State that you sell milk; the named product is part of the attested example.

Transcription and translation notes

English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.

Legacy PDF font codes have been converted to visually matching Latin Kabɩyɛ letters, preserving printed tones and the original extracted text. This does not modernize the source orthography.

Original extracted text

Mɛmbὲdυ naalim

Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo

PDF p. 37 · printed p. 33

Read the original document page ↗

Source reference · awaiting expert review

Mayakɩ toko

EN I buy a shirt

FR J’achète une chemise

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

I buy a shirt. State that you buy a shirt.

Transcription and translation notes

English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.

Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo

PDF p. 37 · printed p. 33

Read the original document page ↗

Source reference · awaiting expert review

hɛyʋ̀ʋ̀

EN to pay

FR payer

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

To give money in return for something, here a journey.

Transcription and translation notes

English follows the workbook’s meaning. French glosses and explanatory definitions are editorial. This attested example still awaits project expert review.

Legacy PDF font codes have been converted to visually matching Latin Kabɩyɛ letters, preserving printed tones and the original extracted text. This does not modernize the source orthography.

Original extracted text

hɛyὺὺ

Source : Kabiye O.P.L. Workbook — Peace Corps Togo

PDF p. 68 · printed p. 64

Read the original document page ↗

Source reference · awaiting expert review

liidiye, liidiyekɩtɔɔyɛ

EN currency; money

FR Monnaie

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

Money or the currency used for payments.

Transcription de la source, contrôlée visuellement sur le PDF. Validation linguistique par les experts du projet à venir.

Transcription and translation notes

English gloss and explanation are editorial translations of the French source label, not a separate expert validation of the Kabɩyɛ form.

Source : Mon livret de vocabulaire français-kabɩyɛ, 2ème édition (juillet 2019)

PDF p. 17 · page imprimée 17

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Related grammar

Source reference · awaiting expert review

The parts of a verb

EN The parts of a verb

FR Les éléments d’un verbe

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

The dictionary describes a verbal core made from a root and an aspect marker. Prefixes can express the subject and other information, including negation. Separate these parts when studying a form: the person tells you who acts, while aspect describes how the action is viewed.

Editorial exercises · awaiting review

Does an infinitive alone tell you “I”, “you” or “they”?

Show answer

No. The source distinguishes the verbal core from subject prefixes.

Source : Tɔm kpou Kabɩyɛ-Fransɩɩ — Dictionnaire Kabiyè-Français avec esquisse de grammaire (1999)

PDF p. 541 · printed / imprimée 518

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Source reference · awaiting expert review

One verbal core, six persons

EN One verbal core, six persons

FR Un noyau verbal, six personnes

Editorial gloss and explanation · awaiting review

In this dictionary example, woki is shared by all six persons of wobu “to go”. Compare the beginning of each form. These are six printed examples of one verb; they do not establish a rule for automatically conjugating every verb.

One verbal core, six persons
PersonAspect / contextKabɩyɛMeaning / note
Simple progressivemowokiI go
Simple progressiveŋwokiyou go, singular
Simple progressiveewokihe / she goes
Simple progressiveɖiwokiwe go
Simple progressiveiwokiyou go, plural
Simple progressivepowokithey go

Editorial exercises · awaiting review

What stays the same in mowoki, ɖiwoki and powoki?

Show answer

The verbal core woki.

Source : Tɔm kpou Kabɩyɛ-Fransɩɩ — Dictionnaire Kabiyè-Français avec esquisse de grammaire (1999)

PDF p. 542 · printed / imprimée 519

Read the original document page ↗